A discoloration occurring during the assessment of gold purity using acid can indicate a lower karat value than expected. Specifically, if a streak of metal represented as 18 karat gold reacts with the acid test solution and leaves a white mark, it suggests the presence of a base metal alloyed with the gold. For example, if an item marked as 18k gold leaves a white mark after the acid test, it might indicate the item is gold-plated or composed of a significantly lower karat gold.
This visual indication of potential impurity is crucial for verifying the authenticity and value of gold items. Historically, this process has been vital in ensuring fair trade and preventing fraud within the precious metals market. It benefits both buyers and sellers by providing a simple, relatively inexpensive method to assess gold content.