Specialized tools and systems are employed to perform a non-destructive testing method that detects surface and near-surface flaws in ferromagnetic materials. This process involves magnetizing the component under inspection and applying finely divided ferromagnetic particles to the surface. Discontinuities in the material create magnetic flux leakage fields that attract these particles, forming visible indications of the flaw. For example, detecting cracks in a welded steel structure utilizes this type of inspection system.
The procedure is critical in ensuring the integrity and safety of various engineering components across industries such as aerospace, automotive, and manufacturing. It provides a relatively quick and cost-effective way to identify defects that could lead to catastrophic failures, thus enhancing product reliability and extending the lifespan of machinery. The technique evolved from simple hand-held magnets and iron filings to sophisticated automated systems that offer improved sensitivity and reproducibility.
