The process of evaluating a biological specimen for the presence of specific substances or their metabolites is a common practice in various settings. This evaluation can range from a preliminary assessment designed to identify potential positives to a more definitive analysis used to confirm initial findings. These procedures are employed to detect the use of prohibited or controlled substances.
Such evaluations play a vital role in maintaining workplace safety, ensuring compliance with legal regulations, and monitoring adherence to treatment programs. Historically, these evaluations have evolved from simple observation to sophisticated laboratory techniques, improving accuracy and broadening the scope of detectable substances. The development of these testing methods has significantly impacted areas such as employment, sports, and criminal justice.