Analysis designed to detect the presence of alcohol and/or illicit substances in a biological sample, such as urine, blood, saliva, or hair, provides objective data regarding recent or chronic substance use. For example, a urine drug screen can identify metabolites of cannabis, opioids, or stimulants, while a breathalyzer measures blood alcohol concentration.
These evaluations serve as a crucial tool in various settings, including workplaces to ensure safety, legal proceedings to establish culpability, and healthcare to inform treatment decisions. Historically, these methods have evolved from simple observation to sophisticated laboratory techniques capable of identifying a wide range of substances with high accuracy. The implications for public safety, individual accountability, and preventative care are significant.
