A mechanical test method subjects a material sample to a controlled load applied at two points equidistant from the center. This arrangement creates a region of constant bending moment between the load points, minimizing shear stress within that zone. The resulting deflection and stress distribution allow for the determination of material properties, such as flexural strength and modulus.
This testing configuration offers advantages in characterizing material behavior under flexure. The consistent bending moment between the load points enables more accurate measurement of material response, particularly in brittle materials where stress concentrations can lead to premature failure. Historically, this method has been crucial in evaluating the structural integrity of beams, plates, and other structural components across various industries, including construction, aerospace, and automotive.
